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Characterization of particle deposition during crossflow filtration as influenced by permeate flux and crossflow velocity using a microfluidic filtration system

Hongzhan Di, Gregory J. O. Martin, Dave E. Dunstan

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2021, Volume 15, Issue 3,   Pages 552-561 doi: 10.1007/s11705-020-1962-5

Abstract: Particle deposition during crossflow filtration is significantly influenced by the operating conditions, in particular the permeate flux and crossflow velocity. However, there is a lack of detailed knowledge about how deposit layer structures and distributions depend on operating parameters. This study uses a microfluidic visualisation filtration system to examine the influence of operating conditions on the deposition process during crossflow ultrafiltration from a microscopic perspective. Increasing the permeate flux caused an increasing amount of deposition and a thicker deposit layer. Higher crossflow velocities reduced the extent of deposition. The degree of deposition varied over a range of operating conditions due to the altered hydrodynamic forces exerted on the particles, which can be examined by the deposition probability according to an existing model. Building on this, an empirical correlation between the deposition probability and volume of deposition as function of filtration time was developed, which gave good agreement with experimental results. The effect of solution conditions was also involved in this correlation as a interaction energies. This could be useful for predicting the dynamic deposition process during crossflow filtration over a range of operating and solution conditions.

Keywords： particle deposition     crossflow filtration     microfluidics     confocal microscopy    

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Applications of atomic force microscopy in immunology

Jiping Li, Yuying Liu, Yidong Yuan, Bo Huang

Frontiers of Medicine 2021, Volume 15, Issue 1,   Pages 43-52 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0769-6

Abstract: The principle of atomic force microscopy (AFM) and its three running modes are introduced for the mechanical

Keywords： cellular mechanics     atomic force microscopy     neutrophil extracellular trap     macrophage phagocytosis     pore    

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Chemical mapping of cement pastes by using confocal Raman spectroscopy

Fengjuan LIU,Zhihui SUN

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2016, Volume 10, Issue 2,   Pages 168-173 doi: 10.1007/s11709-015-0323-9

Abstract: In the present study, chemical mapping on the hydration process of cement paste with water-to-cement ( / ) ratio of 0.60 was implemented by Raman spectroscopy (RS). The RS was applied to study the paste from 12 hours after mixing to 28 days. Cement ingredients and hydration products, including calcium silicates (C S and C S), calcium hydroxide (CH), and ettringite, were quantitatively studied. From the research, it is observed that calcium silicates were consumed gradually with the increased hydration age. Calcium hydroxide increased and tended to cluster in the pore vicinity during hydration. Ettringite was found to form on the surface of the unreacted particles, which was shown as a mixed zone of ettringite and calcium silicates in the maps. It is concluded from the study that chemical mapping was an effective method to assist in visualizing particle dispersion and connection on top of the quantitative analysis.

Keywords： chemical mapping     Raman spectroscopy     calcium silicates     calcium hydroxide     ettringite    

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topology optimization for tailoring the ratio between two flexural eigenfrequencies of atomic force microscopy

Qi XIA,Tao ZHOU,Michael Yu WANG,Tielin SHI

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2014, Volume 9, Issue 1,   Pages 50-57 doi: 10.1007/s11465-014-0286-x

Abstract:

In an operation mode of atomic force microscopy that uses a higher eigenmode to determine the physical

Keywords： atomic force microscopy     cantilever probe     eigenfrequency     optimization    

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4-Amino-1,8-naphthalimide based fluorescent photoinduced electron transfer (PET) pH sensors as liposomal cellular imaging agents: The effect of substituent patterns on PET directional quenching

Miguel Martínez-Calvo, Sandra A. Bright, Emma B. Veale, Adam F. Henwood, D. Clive Williams, Thorfinnur Gunnlaugsson

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2020, Volume 14, Issue 1,   Pages 61-75 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1862-8

Abstract: Four new fluorescent sensors ( - ) based on the 4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide fluorophores ( ) have been synthesized based on the classical fluorophore-spacer-receptor model. These four compounds all gave rise to emission bands centred at 535 nm, which were found to be highly pH dependent, the emission being ‘switched on’ in acidic media, while being quenched due to PET from the amino moieties to the excited state of the at more alkaline pH. The luminescent pH dependence for these probes was found to be highly dependent on the substitution on the imide site, as well as the polyamine chain attached to the position 4-amino moiety. In the case of sensor the presence of the 4-amino-aniline dominated the pH dependent quenching. Nevertheless, at higher pH, PET quenching was also found to occur from the polyamine site. Hence, is better described as a receptor -spacer -fluorophore-spacer -receptor system, where the dominant PET process is due to (normally less favourable) ‘directional’ PET quenching from the 4-amino-aniline unit to the site. Similar trends and pH fluorescence dependences were also seen for and . These compounds were also tested for their imaging potential and toxicity against HeLa cells (using DRAQ5 as nuclear stain which does now show pH dependent changes in acidic and neutral pH) and the results demonstrated that these compounds have reduced cellular viability at moderately high concentrations (with IC values between ca. 8‒30 µmol∙L ), but were found to be suitable for intracellular pH determination at 1 µmol∙L concentrations, where no real toxicity was observed. This allowed us to employ these as lysosomal probes at sub-toxic concentrations, where the based emission was found to be pH depended, mirroring that seen in aqueous solution for , with the main fluorescence changes occurring within acidic to neutral pH.

Keywords： sensors     pH     photoinduced electron transfer     cellular imaging     confocal microscopy    

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Three-dimensional reconstruction of light microscopy image sections: present and future

Yuzhen Wang,Rui Xu,Gaoxing Luo,Jun Wu

Frontiers of Medicine 2015, Volume 9, Issue 1,   Pages 30-45 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0337-z

Abstract:

Three-dimensional (3D) image reconstruction technologies can reveal previously hidden microstructures in human tissue. However, the lack of ideal, non-destructive cross-sectional imaging techniques is still a problem. Despite some drawbacks, histological sectioning remains one of the most powerful methods for accurate high-resolution representation of tissue structures. Computer technologies can produce 3D representations of interesting human tissue and organs that have been serial-sectioned, dyed or stained, imaged, and segmented for 3D visualization. 3D reconstruction also has great potential in the fields of tissue engineering and 3D printing. This article outlines the most common methods for 3D tissue section reconstruction. We describe the most important academic concepts in this field, and provide critical explanations and comparisons. We also note key steps in the reconstruction procedures, and highlight recent progress in the development of new reconstruction methods.

Keywords： microtomy     3D imaging     computer-assisted image processing     3D printing     tissue scaffold    

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A Confocal Endoscope for Cellular Imaging Article

Jiafu Wang,Min Yang,Li Yang,Yun Zhang,Jing Yuan,Qian Liu,Xiaohua Hou,Ling Fu

Engineering 2015, Volume 1, Issue 3,   Pages 351-360 doi: 10.15302/J-ENG-2015081

Abstract: In the past decade, confocal laser scanning microscopy has been brought into endoscopy, thus enablingvisualization with a magnification and resolution comparable to that obtained with the ex vivo microscopyHere, we present the design and construction of a confocal endoscope based on a fiber bundle with 1.4The prototype of a confocal endoscope has been used to observe epithelial cells of the gastrointestinalIn addition, the confocal endoscope can be used for translational studies of epithelial function in order

Keywords： cellular resolution     confocal endoscopy     optical biopsy    

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Review: Tip-based vibrational spectroscopy for nanoscale analysis of emerging energy materials

Amun JARZEMBSKI, Cedric SHASKEY, Keunhan PARK

Frontiers in Energy 2018, Volume 12, Issue 1,   Pages 43-71 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0524-8

Abstract: In this article, we thoroughly review the integration of atomic force microscopy (AFM) with vibrationalOptical scattering methods based on scanning near-field optical microscopy (SNOM) correlate the spectrumMore recently, photo-induced force microscopy (PiFM) has been developed to measure the change of the

Keywords： vibrational spectroscopy     atomic force microscopy     photo-thermal induced resonance     scanning near-fieldoptical microscopy     tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy     photo-induced force microscopy     molecular resonances    

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Atomic force microscopy study on the microtopography of natural organic matter and newly formed hydrous

GUO Jin, MA Jun, SHI Xuehua

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2007, Volume 1, Issue 2,   Pages 251-256 doi: 10.1007/s11783-007-0043-z

Abstract: By using the tapping mode atomic force microscopy (AFM), the observation results show that the newly

Keywords： spherical     microtopography     potassium permanganate     uniform spherical     morphology    

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Improvement in Resolution of Multiphoton Scanning Structured Illumination Microscopy via Harmonics

Lei Wang,Xiaomin Zheng,Jie Zhou,Meiting Wang,Jiajie Chen,Youjun Zeng,Gaixia Xu,Ying Wang,Haixia Qiu,Yonghong Shao,Junle Qu,Bruce Zhi Gao,Ying Gu,

Engineering 2022, Volume 16, Issue 9,   Pages 65-72 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.12.010

Abstract:

We describe a multiphoton (mP)-structured illumination microscopy (SIM) technique, which demonstrates

Keywords： Super-resolution microscopy     Structured illumination microscopy     Multiphoton structured illumination microscopy    

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Surface modification of cellulose nanocrystals

WANG Neng, DING Enyong, CHENG Rongshi

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2007, Volume 1, Issue 3,   Pages 228-232 doi: 10.1007/s11705-007-0041-5

Abstract: transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), transmission electron microscopy

Keywords： acetylation     degradation     transform     microscopy     desiccation    

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Analysis of behavior of melted dark green silty soil

TANG Yiqun, ZHOU Nianqing, YANG Ping, SHEN Feng

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2008, Volume 2, Issue 3,   Pages 242-245 doi: 10.1007/s11709-008-0022-x

Abstract: The behavior of dark green silty soil of the 6th storey is studied by means of scanning electron microscopy

Keywords： electron microscopy     mechanic     microscopic perspective     addition     dynamic    

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Optical Microscopy Advances Reach Sub-Nanometer Resolution

Chris Palmer

Engineering 2023, Volume 31, Issue 12,   Pages 11-14 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.11.002

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Preparation of solar selective absorbing CuO coating for medium temperature application

HUANG Qunwu, WANG Yiping, LI Jinhua

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2007, Volume 1, Issue 3,   Pages 256-260 doi: 10.1007/s11705-007-0046-0

Abstract: The CuO coating was analyzed with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy

Keywords： photoelectron spectroscopy     temperature     pretreatment     absorptivity     microscopy    

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Visualization of vascular ultrastructure during osteogenesis by tissue engineering technique

ZHANG Kaigang, ZENG Bingfang, ZHANG Changqing

Frontiers of Medicine 2007, Volume 1, Issue 2,   Pages 181-184 doi: 10.1007/s11684-007-0034-2

Abstract: The aim of this paper was to observe and visualize the changes in osteoblasts by electron microscopy

Keywords： feasibility     engineering     osteogenesis     vascularization     microscopy    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Characterization of particle deposition during crossflow filtration as influenced by permeate flux and crossflow velocity using a microfluidic filtration system

Hongzhan Di, Gregory J. O. Martin, Dave E. Dunstan

Journal Article

Applications of atomic force microscopy in immunology

Jiping Li, Yuying Liu, Yidong Yuan, Bo Huang

Journal Article

Chemical mapping of cement pastes by using confocal Raman spectroscopy

Fengjuan LIU,Zhihui SUN

Journal Article

topology optimization for tailoring the ratio between two flexural eigenfrequencies of atomic force microscopy

Qi XIA,Tao ZHOU,Michael Yu WANG,Tielin SHI

Journal Article

4-Amino-1,8-naphthalimide based fluorescent photoinduced electron transfer (PET) pH sensors as liposomal cellular imaging agents: The effect of substituent patterns on PET directional quenching

Miguel Martínez-Calvo, Sandra A. Bright, Emma B. Veale, Adam F. Henwood, D. Clive Williams, Thorfinnur Gunnlaugsson

Journal Article

Three-dimensional reconstruction of light microscopy image sections: present and future

Yuzhen Wang,Rui Xu,Gaoxing Luo,Jun Wu

Journal Article

A Confocal Endoscope for Cellular Imaging

Jiafu Wang,Min Yang,Li Yang,Yun Zhang,Jing Yuan,Qian Liu,Xiaohua Hou,Ling Fu

Journal Article

Review: Tip-based vibrational spectroscopy for nanoscale analysis of emerging energy materials

Amun JARZEMBSKI, Cedric SHASKEY, Keunhan PARK

Journal Article

Atomic force microscopy study on the microtopography of natural organic matter and newly formed hydrous

GUO Jin, MA Jun, SHI Xuehua

Journal Article

Improvement in Resolution of Multiphoton Scanning Structured Illumination Microscopy via Harmonics

Lei Wang,Xiaomin Zheng,Jie Zhou,Meiting Wang,Jiajie Chen,Youjun Zeng,Gaixia Xu,Ying Wang,Haixia Qiu,Yonghong Shao,Junle Qu,Bruce Zhi Gao,Ying Gu,

Journal Article

Surface modification of cellulose nanocrystals

WANG Neng, DING Enyong, CHENG Rongshi

Journal Article

Analysis of behavior of melted dark green silty soil

TANG Yiqun, ZHOU Nianqing, YANG Ping, SHEN Feng

Journal Article

Optical Microscopy Advances Reach Sub-Nanometer Resolution

Chris Palmer

Journal Article

Preparation of solar selective absorbing CuO coating for medium temperature application

HUANG Qunwu, WANG Yiping, LI Jinhua

Journal Article

Visualization of vascular ultrastructure during osteogenesis by tissue engineering technique

ZHANG Kaigang, ZENG Bingfang, ZHANG Changqing

Journal Article